Pavement Planning Guide
Asphalt Milling vs. Resurfacing: What Is the Difference?
One removes selected pavement; the other installs a new asphalt surface. Many rehabilitation projects use both.
Milling and resurfacing are related, but they are not interchangeable. Milling removes a controlled portion of existing asphalt. Resurfacing places and compacts a new asphalt layer over a properly prepared surface.
Milling removes selected asphalt
A milling machine cuts away a specified portion of the pavement and collects the removed material. This can remove a distressed surface, create room for a new layer, or help preserve elevations around entrances, curbs, drains, and adjoining pavement.
Resurfacing adds a new wearing surface
Resurfacing, also called an overlay, places new hot-mix asphalt over pavement that has been inspected and prepared. Failed areas still need repair first, and the receiving surface must be clean enough for the layers to bond.
Why a project may need both
A mill-and-overlay project can remove worn material before the new asphalt is placed. Milling can also improve transitions and keep the finished surface from becoming too high. The exact depth and preparation depend on the existing pavement and planned finish grade.
Neither treatment fixes every base problem
If the pavement is moving because the base or subgrade has failed, a new surface can reflect the same distress. Drainage, soft areas, and structural failures need to be identified before the rehabilitation method is chosen.
Good to Know
Common questions
Is milling always required before resurfacing?
No. Some sound surfaces can receive an overlay after proper preparation, while other sites need milling to remove damage or maintain elevations.
Does milling replace failed base material?
Surface milling does not correct a deeper failed base by itself. Those areas need a repair or reconstruction scope before new asphalt is placed.
Which option is right for my property?
An on-site inspection of cracking, movement, drainage, transitions, and pavement depth is needed before recommending milling, resurfacing, or replacement.